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هل يعاني الأشخاص المصابون بسرطان الرئة المبكر من أعراض؟ Lung Cancer

 

هل يعاني الأشخاص المصابون بسرطان الرئة المبكر من أعراض؟

قد تساعد معرفة العلامات (مثل السعال الذي لا يتوقف) بعض الأشخاص على اكتشاف سرطان الرئة مبكرًا

عادةً ما يؤدي اكتشاف سرطان الرئة وعلاجه مبكرًا إلى نتائج أفضل. قد تظهر أعراض على بعض الأشخاص المصابين بسرطان الرئة في وقت مبكر ، والتي يمكن أن تبدأ في مسار التشخيص والعلاج.

لكن في كثير من الأحيان ، تجاوز السرطان المراحل المبكرة قبل ظهور الأعراض. هذا التأخير في الأعراض هو أحد الأسباب التي تجعل سرطان الرئة يودي بحياة أكثر من أي نوع آخر من أنواع السرطان.

"قد تساعدك معرفة العلامات التحذيرية على اكتشاف سرطان الرئة مبكرًا" ، كما يقول طبيب أمراض الرئة بيتر مازوني . "ولكن هناك خطوات أخرى مهمة يمكنك اتخاذها. إذا كنت معرضًا لخطر كبير ، فقد تكون مؤهلاً لفحص سرطان الرئة لاكتشاف السرطان قبل ظهور الأعراض. وإذا كنت تدخن ، فإن الإقلاع عن التدخين يمكن أن يساعد في تقليل مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان الرئة ".

يشرح الدكتور مازون العلامات التحذيرية التي يجب البحث عنها ومتى يجب فحصك أو اختبار سرطان الرئة.

علامات التحذير من سرطان الرئة

يمكن أن تختلف أعراض سرطان الرئة من شخص لآخر. العرض الرئيسي هو السعال. يقول الدكتور مازوني: "في معظم الأحيان ، يكون السعال ناتجًا عن حالة أخرى". راجع مقدم الرعاية الصحية إذا كنت تعاني من السعال:

  • لا تزول أو تزداد سوءًا بمرور الوقت.
  • لا يرتبط بحالة معروفة مثل الحساسية أو الزكام أو الربو .
  • ينتج عنه بلغم دموي أو بلون الصدأ.

تشمل الأعراض الأخرى لسرطان الرئة ما يلي:

إذا انتشر سرطان الرئة خارج رئتيك إلى أجزاء أخرى من جسمك ، فقد تشعر بما يلي:

  • آلام العظام.
  • أعراض عصبية مثل الصداع أو الدوخة أو النوبات .
  • ألم في الكتف أو الذراع.
  • تضخم الغدد الليمفاوية.

متى شعرت "بعدم الراحة" - عندما يكون هناك شيء غير صحيح - فمن الجيد أن ترى مقدم الرعاية الصحية ليتم فحصك. قد يكون الألم أو الكتل أو السعال أو الأعراض الأخرى غير المبررة علامات على شيء خطير.

المتلازمات التي تسببها أورام الرئة

يمكن أن تسبب بعض أورام الرئة مجموعات من الأعراض تسمى المتلازمات. قد تشير هذه الأعراض إلى الإصابة بسرطان الرئة:

متلازمة هورنر

يمكن أن يضغط الورم في الرئة العلوية على أعصاب عينك ووجهك ، مما يسبب متلازمة هورنر . عادة ما تؤثر الأعراض على جانب واحد من وجهك وتشمل:

  • قلة التعرق.
  • تدلي الجفن.
  • تلميذ أصغر.

متلازمة الوريد الأجوف العلوي

الوريد الأجوف العلوي هو وعاء دموي كبير ينقل الدم من رأسك وعنقك إلى قلبك. يمكن أن يتسبب ورم الرئة الذي يضغط على الوريد الأجوف العلوي في حدوث هذه المتلازمة . تتمثل الأعراض الرئيسية في احمرار وتورم وجهك ورقبتك.

متلازمة الأباعد الورمية

تنتج بعض سرطانات الرئة هرمونات أو مواد شبيهة بالهرمونات تنتقل عبر مجرى الدم ، مسببة مشاكل بعيدة عن الورم. تعد متلازمات الأباعد الورمية أكثر شيوعًا لدى الأشخاص المصابين بسرطان الرئة ذو الخلايا الصغيرة (SCLC) .

هناك العديد من متلازمات الأباعد الورمية . مثال على ذلك هو متلازمة الهرمون المضاد لإدرار البول غير المناسب (SIADH). في SIADH ، تصنع الخلايا السرطانية هرمونًا مضادًا لإدرار البول (ADH) ، والذي يخفض مستويات الصوديوم في الدم. يمكن أن يؤدي انخفاض مستويات الصوديوم إلى:

  • ارتباك.
  • تشنجات.
  • تعب.
  • استفراغ و غثيان.
  • ضعف العضلات.

نظرًا لأن أعراض متلازمات الأباعد الورمية غالبًا ما تبدو غير مرتبطة ، فقد لا يشك مقدمو الرعاية الصحية في الإصابة بسرطان الرئة كسبب.

متى ستلاحظ أعراض سرطان الرئة مبكرًا؟

يعتمد مدى ظهور الأعراض ووقت حدوثها على نوع الورم:

  • موقع.
  • مقاس.
  • سرعة النمو.
  • يكتب.

على سبيل المثال ، هناك نوعان من أكثر أنواع سرطان الرئة ذو الخلايا غير الصغيرة شيوعًا (NSCLC) وهما سرطان الخلايا الحرشفية والأورام السرطانية الغدية. يميل سرطان الخلايا الحرشفية إلى الحدوث باتجاه أنابيب تنفس أكبر ، بينما تكون السرطانات الغدية عادة أعمق في رئتيك.

"ليس هذا هو الحال دائمًا ، ولكن ورم الخلايا الحرشفية بالقرب من أنبوب تنفس كبير قد ينتج عنه سعال مع وجود بعض الدم فيه ،" يلاحظ الدكتور مازون. "قد لا يسبب ورم أعمق من نفس الحجم أي أعراض."

متى يجب أن تخضع للفحص أو الاختبار؟

الفحص والاختبار لهما أغراض مختلفة:

  • فحوصات فحص السرطان قبل ظهور الأعراض.
  • يبحث الاختبار عن سبب الأعراض بعد أن بدأت.

من الذي يجب فحصه لسرطان الرئة؟

توصي فرقة العمل المعنية بالخدمات الوقائية الأمريكية (USPSTF) بفحص سرطان الرئة إذا كان عمرك بين 50 و 80 عامًا:

  • دخنت ما لا يقل عن 20 سنة من السجائر. (لحساب سنوات العبوة ، اضرب عدد العبوات التي دخنتها كل يوم في عدد السنوات التي دخنت فيها.)
  • يدخن حاليًا أو أقلع عن التدخين خلال الـ 15 عامًا الماضية.

متى يجب أن تخضع للاختبار؟

يعتقد الكثير من الناس أنهم ليسوا معرضين لخطر الإصابة بسرطان الرئة إذا لم يدخنوا مطلقًا. لكن حوالي 20٪ من المصابين بسرطان الرئة ليس لديهم تاريخ للتدخين .

بغض النظر عن تاريخ التدخين لديك ، تحدث إلى مقدم الرعاية الصحية إذا كانت لديك أعراض بدون سبب معروف مثل:

  • سعال.
  • سعال الدم.
  • انزعاج أو ألم في الصدر.
  • ضيق في التنفس.
  • فقدان الوزن غير المقصود.

سيسألك مقدم الخدمة عن تاريخك الطبي وسيجري فحصًا. قد يطلبون اختبار وظائف الرئة للتحقق من مدى جودة عمل رئتيك. تساعد اختبارات التصوير ، مثل تصوير الصدر بالأشعة السينية أو تصوير الصدر بالأشعة المقطعية ، أيضًا في تشخيص مشاكل الرئة.

"قد لا تكون أعراضك سرطان الرئة ، ولكنها تتطلب مقدم رعاية صحية لفحصها ومناقشتها معك ،" يقول الدكتور مازون. 

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Ahmed Ail
بواسطة : Ahmed Ail
مصري وعمري 32 عام، حاصل على بكالوريوس التجارة. أعمل في مجال الديجيتال ماركتنج منذ حوالي 8 سنوات، حصلت خلالها على الكثير من الخبرة والتجربة والمعرفة في الكثير من النواحي. مهتم جداً بالمعرفة والاطلاع على كل ما هو جديد في عالم التسويق والعمل من خلال الإنترنت. متابع ومهتم بكل ما له علاقة بعالم تكنولوجيا الإتصالات والإنترنت بشكل عام. أقرأ باستمرار في الكثير من المجالات، وخصوصاً في مجال التسويق والعمل اونلاين. أبحث جيداً قبل كتابة أي موضوع في الرابحون، وأختار مصادري بدقة وعناية بناءاً على التنوع والجودة. هدفي تقديم قيمة حقيقية تستحق وقت القراء الأعزاء وتساعدهم على النجاح. شعاري في الكتابة دائماً هو الجودة، مهما كلفني ذلك من وقت ومجهود.
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